GRILINCTUS

Dosage : Syrup
Contains : Dextromethorphan hydrobromide + chlorpheniramine maleate + guaifenesin + ammonium chloride
Category : Cough suppressants and expectorants
Uses : Symptomatic treatment of cough
Price :

Syrup Grilinctus is a combination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide, chlorpheniramine maleate, guaifenesin, and ammonium chloride.Dextromethorphan exhibits an antitussive activity meaning it works on the cough center in the brain, thereby suppressing the cough reflex. Chlorpheniramine maleate is one of the most widely used of the classical antihistamines. It is used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.

 

Guaifenesin is an expectorant with some muscle relaxing action. It reduces the viscosity of mucus by reducing its adhesiveness and surface tension. It also increases hydration of mucus. Hence, it thins mucus and lubricates the airway, facilitating an easy removal of mucus by coughing. Ammonium chloride exerts an expectorant effect by irritating the mucous membranes.

 

These drugs in combination helps alleviate cough of various etiology.

 

Grilinctus is a brand of Franco-Indian Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. (FIPPL). Founded in 1949, FIPPL is one of the most reputed pharmaceutical companies in the country.

 

The company also has a vibrant global presence and exports its formulations to Asia and Africa, besides reaching out to the markets in UK, France and USA.

A cough is your body’s way of responding when something irritates your throat or airways. An irritant stimulates nerves that send a message to your brain. The brain then tells muscles in your chest and abdomen to push air out of your lungs to force out the irritant.

 

An occasional cough is normal and healthy. A cough that persists for several weeks or one that brings up discolored or bloody mucus may indicate a condition that needs medical attention.

 

At times, coughing can be very forceful. Prolonged, vigorous coughing can irritate the lungs and cause even more coughing. It is also exhausting and can cause sleeplessness, dizziness or fainting, headaches, urinary incontinence, vomiting, and even broken ribs.

Dosage

As directed by physician

Administration

As directed by physician

Adverse Reactions/ Side Effects

Gastrointestinal disorders: Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, gastrointestinal disturbance, nausea, vomiting. Nervous system disorders: Dizziness, drowsiness, convulsion, psychomotor hyperactivity, somnolence, serotonin syndrome, excitement, nervousness. Psychiatric disorders: Insomnia, confusional state. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Respiratory depression.

Warnings and Precautions

Patient with history of drug abuse. Children. Treatment with a cough medicine in children (especially under 12 years old) should be considered carefully due to potential risks and limited evidence on efficacy. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling This drug can cause drowsiness or cognitive function impairment, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery.

Contraindications

Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema or other conditions where persistent or chronic cough occurs. Concomitant use or within 14 days of MAOI or SSRI therapy. Children <12 years.

Drug Interactions

Additive CNS effect when used with antihistamines, psychotropics and other CNS depressants. Increased toxic effect when used with potent CYP2D6 enzyme inhibitors (e.g. fluoxetine, paroxetine, quinidine, terbinafine).

 

Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of serotonin syndrome (e.g. hyperpyrexia, hallucinations, gross excitation or coma) when concomitantly used with MAOIs or SSRIs.

Overdosage

Symptoms: Mydriasis, nausea, vomiting, CNS depression, excitations, lethargy, nystagmus, psychomotor hyperactivity, serotonin syndrome, somnolence, dizziness, dysarthria, mental confusion, psychotic disorder, respiratory depression. Management: Supportive and symptomatic treatment. May perform gastric lavage. Naloxone may be effective in reversing toxicity.

Storage

Store between 20-25°C. Protect from light.

Mechanism of Action

Dextromethorphan, a centrally-acting antitussive agent, depresses the medullary cough centre through sigma receptor stimulation, resulting to decreased sensitivity of cough receptors and interruption of cough impulse transmission.

References

https://www.mims.com/india/drug/info/dextromethorphan/?type=full&mtype=generic#Indications

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5464025#section=Top

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5281068#section=Top

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3516#section=Top5

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/25517#section=Top

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