DYNAPAR DQ
| Dosage | : | 25 mg tablet, 75mg tablet, 1ml Ampoule |
| Contains | : | Diclofenac sodium |
| Category | : | NSAID (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) |
| Uses | : | Pain and inflammation associated with various diseases |
| Price | : |
Dynapar AQ belongs to class of drugs called NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug).
Dynapar AQ contains diclofenac sodium. It has potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic (pain killer) and antipyretic (anti fever) actions. It is used in treating variety of acute and chronic pain and inflammatory conditions.
Dynapar AQ is indicated in following conditions:
- Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis
- Sprains
- Strains
- Tendinitis
- Musculoskeletal and joint pain
- Post orthopaedic, dental and other minor surgery
- Bursitis
- Acute gout
- Dysmenorrhoea
- Migraine
Dynapar AQ is available in enteric-coated tablet, sustained release tablet, dispersible tablet and injectable form.
Dynapar AQ is a brand of Troikaa Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Troikaa is an Indian multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in Ahmedabad, Gujarat in India, which mainly focuses on Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS). The company firmly believes in providing superior therapeutic benefits by improvising the formulations through Innovative Technologies.
Prostaglandins are made at sites of injury or infection, where they cause inflammation, pain and fever as a part of the healing process. For example, when a blood vessel is injured or damaged, a prostaglandin called thromboxane is formed that stimulates clotting of the blood to prevent the further blood loss.
High levels of prostaglandins are produced in response to injury or infection and cause inflammation, which is associated with the symptoms of redness, swelling, pain and fever. However, this natural response sometimes lead to excess and chronic production of prostaglandins. Thus prostaglandins contribute to several diseases by causing unwanted inflammation. This unwanted inflammation leads to conditions like Arthritis, Tendinitis, Bursitis, Acute gout, Dysmenorrhoea,
Migraine, Musculoskeletal pain, etc.
Thus by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, Dynapar AQ reduces the pain, swelling and inflammation associated with these diseases.
Dosage
As directed by physician
Administration
As directed by physician
Adverse Reactions/ Side Effects
Significant: Sodium and fluid retention, oedema, HTN, liver function abnormalities (e.g. increased liver, transaminase, enzyme levels), anaemia, rare severe blood dyscrasias (e.g. agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anaemia), risk of hyperkalaemia; keratitis (ophthalmic). Cardiac disorders: Chest pain. Ear and labyrinth disorders: Tinnitus. Eye disorders: Blurred vision; transient burning or stinging of the eyes, lacrimation, increased intraocular pressure (ophthalmic). Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, heartburn, constipation, dyspepsia, flatulence, abdominal pain. General disorders and administration site conditions: Injection site reactions (e.g. pain, extravasation), application site reactions (e.g. irritation, erythema, itchiness, dryness, oedema), pyrexia. Infections and infestations: Influenza. Investigations: Prolonged bleeding time. Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Anorexia. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Arthralgia, osteoarthritis, back pain, limb pain. Nervous system disorders: Headache, dizziness. Psychiatric disorder: Insomnia, somnolence. Renal and urinary disorders: UTI, renal function abnormality, haematuria. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Upper respiratory tract infection, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, cough. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash, pruritus. Vascular disorders: Hypotension.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis, CV thrombotic events (e.g. MI, stroke), gastrointestinal ulceration, perforation or haemorrhage, bronchospasm; rarely, hepatotoxicity (e.g. fulminant hepatitis, hepatic necrosis or failure), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Warnings and Precautions
Patient with history of gastrointestinal bleeding or peptic ulceration, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, coagulopathy, current or risk factors for CV disease (e.g. CHF, ischaemic heart disease, CVA, hypertension, oedema, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus), dehydration, hypovolemia, asthma, rhinitis, COPD, respiratory tract infections, SLE, mixed connective tissue disorders, porphyria, ocular disease including infections (ophthalmic).
Hepatic and renal impairment. Elderly, children. Pregnancy (1st-2nd trimester) and lactation. Smokers. Avoid prolonged use for migraine (powder for oral solution). Patient Counselling This drug may cause dizziness, drowsiness or blurred vision, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Avoid use of occlusive dressing (topical). Avoid excessive exposure or affected area to sunlight (transdermal or topical/cutaneous). Remove contact lenses prior to administration and reinsert after 15 minutes (ophthalmic). Monitoring Parameters Monitor CBC, blood pressure (at baseline and during therapy), K levels, LFTs (including ALT/AST levels), renal function (including urine output, BUN, serum creatinine), occult blood loss, oedema, weight gain; signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal ulceration, perforation or haemorrhage; mental confusion, disorientation, bleeding, bruising.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to diclofenac or other NSAIDs. Aspirin-sensitive asthma, risk factors for volume depletion (inj). Moderate to severe heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease., gastrointestinal ulceration, perforation or haemorrhage, proctitis (rectal). Treatment in the setting of CABG. Concomitant use of other NSAIDs, antiplatelets, anticoagulants. Severe hepatic or renal impairment. Pregnancy (3rd trimester).
Drug Interactions
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration, perforation or haemorrhage with other corticosteroids, SSRIs. Increased risk CV-related adverse reactions with cardiac glycosides. Increased risk of hyperkalaemia and renal toxicity with ACE inhibitors, diuretics, ciclosporin, tacrolimus. Increased risk of haematological toxicity with zidovudine. Increased levels and risk of toxicity with digoxin, lithium, methotrexate, pemetrexed, phenytoin. Decreased effect with colestipol, cholestyramine. Decrease effect of mifepristone. Increased peak plasma concentration with CYP2C9 inhibitors e.g. voriconazole.
Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration, perforation or haemorrhage with other NSAIDs (e.g. aspirin), antiplatelets, anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin).
Food Interaction: Decreased absorption with food. Avoid alcohol.
Overdosage
Symptoms: Lethargy, tinnitus, headache, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dizziness, disorientation, excitation, epigastric pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, convulsions; rarely, anaphylactoid reactions, hypertension, respiratory depression, acute renal failure, coma. Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Maintain a clear airway. Administration of activated charcoal within 1 hour of ingestion or perform gastric lavage. May perform osmotic cathartic within 4 hours of ingestion.
Administration of activated charcoal within 1 hour of ingestion or perform gastric lavage. May perform osmotic cathartic within 4 hours of ingestion.
Storage
Intramuscular: Store between 20-25°C. Intravenous: Store between 20-25°C. Protect from light and heat.
Mechanism of Action
Diclofenac, an NSAID derived from phenylacetic acid, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. It reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 thereby, also inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
References
http://www.drugsupdate.com/brand/generic/Diclofenac/24865/35
https://www.mims.com/india/drug/info/dynapar-aq/dynapar-aq%20inj
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troikaa_Pharmaceuticals
https://www.ndrugs.com/s=dynapar%20aq&t=dosage
https://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/prostaglandins/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44599503_Diclofenac_An_update_on_its_mechanism_of_action_and_safety_profil